These equations often first determine body density, then calculate body fat percentage using anything from 2 to 9 different skinfold sites, with or without circumferences.ĭifferent equations are needed to suit different populations, age groups and genders. Use the wrong equation and you'll likely end up with a number thats way off reality.Ĭommonly used equations to estimate body fat percentage include Jackson & Pollock, Sloan, Durning & Womersley, Parillo, Yuhasz, Withers, Katch & McArdle to name just a few. By regularly monitoring progress over time, these results can help guide the nutrition advice I provide to my athletes.īody fat percentage is estimated using a vast number of equations. ![]() Instead as an ISAK trained Level 1 anthropometrist I routinely use skinfold calipers to measure the body composition of my athletes using skinfold thicknesses and circumferences. While an ideal scenario may be to use DEXA scans with all my athletes, the reality is that this isn't practical, cost effective or realistic. Getting those body composition measurements made us aware of the problem so changes could be made to improve to their nutritional intake, preserve muscle mass and promote fat loss instead. Not ideal as this could drastically impact their power. However after measuring skinfolds and taking a DEXA scan discovered that instead of losing fat mass, they had actually lost 2kg of muscle. I have seen athletes happy to have lost 2kg of weight on the scales. While tracking weight can help monitor some these changes, getting regular and reliable body composition measurements helps you to see whether it's fat mass or muscle mass that you're losing. Typically when athletes want to lose weight, what they actually mean is get leaner by lowering their body fat and maintain or increase muscle mass. Why should you measure body composition instead of weight alone Some are only available in medical, laboratory or research settings. There is room for error, specific requirements and assumptions for each method, with different costs, reliability or availability. These methods include DEXA scans, underwater weighing, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) scales and skinfold thickness using callipers. The results presented in this study provide a point of reference about sprinter characteristics, which can help coaches and sport scientists to improve sprinter performance.There are many different ways to measure body composition, which is the proportion of fat mass and fat-free mass (muscle, bones, fluid etc) in the body. Being less ectomorphic, with a greater fat free mass and strength, can explain significant differences in sprinting performances. Personal best time was significantly correlated with several anthropometric traits and indices of lean body mass.īody size, composition and somatotype differ between performance levels in speed running. ![]() Strength and power were significantly higher. Top sprinters had significantly greater body mass index, relaxed and contracted upper arm girths, thigh and calf girths, fat free mass and fat free mass index, and lower ectomorphy than the lowest tertile. Relationships between anthropometric traits and performance were assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficients. Sprinters were classified into three groups depending on their personal best time and comparisons were performed between the athletes in the top and in the bottom tertiles. Body composition was assessed by skinfold method and somatotype was calculated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method. ![]() A series of measurements was directly taken and data on muscular strength and power tests were self-reported. Ninety-eight competitive male sprinters (100 m) participated in this cross-sectional study. The aims of the present study were to assess competitive sprinters' body size and composition and to determine their impact on performance.
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